1.2. Pediatrics

Risperidone has been FDA-approved to manage symptoms of irritability in autistic children greater than 5 years of age and adolescents, and has recently gained FDA-approved indications for bipolar mania in children and adolescents 10 to 17 years of age and schizophrenia in adolescents 13 to 17 years of age. Aripiprazole has received recent FDA approval for treating Tourette’s disorder in pediatric patients 6 to 18 years of age, and is also FDA-approved for managing schizophrenia in adolescents 13 to 17 years of age, bipolar disorder with or without psychotic features in children 10 to 17 years of age, and irritability associated with autistic disorder in children 6 to 17 years of age. Olanzapine has been granted FDA approval for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in adolescents 13 years of age and older. Quetiapine is FDA approved for acute treatment of bipolar disorder mania episodes in children and adolescents 10 to 17 years of age and schizophrenia management in adolescents 13 to 17 years of age. Paliperidone is approved FDA for the management of schizophrenia in adolescents 12 to 17 years of age. Lurasidone is approved for the management of depressed phase bipolar disorder in children 10 to 17 years of age, and it is approved for the management of schizophrenia in patients 13 to 17 years of age. Brexpiprazole, cariprazine, clozapine, iloperidone, Lumateperone, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole tablets with sensors (Abilify MyCite®) are not recommended for use in pediatric patients as safety and efficacy have not been established in this patient population. Additionally, pimavanserin is not approved for use in pediatric patients as Parkinson’s disease is typically not observed in pediatric patients, and safety and efficacy data are not available for pimavanserin in the pediatric population ^1-25.

Atypical antipsychotic pediatric dosages are summarized in Table 3. An additional column reflecting literature-based dosing included in the Texas Health and Human Services Psychotropic Medication Utilization Parameters for Children and Youth in Texas Public Behavioral Health (6th Version) is included in Tables 3 ^{1-21, 23, 26} and 4 ²⁶.

The olanzapine/fluoxetine combination has been approved for use in pediatric patients 10-17 years of age with depression associated with BD ^{1-4, 22}. Recommended pediatric dosages are summarized in Table 4 ^{1-4, 22, 26}.